Showing posts with label HFOSS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label HFOSS. Show all posts

Friday, December 17, 2010

Advancing Open Source for Humanity

Today's columnist is Jason Côté from Freeform Solutions. He writes:

Because people who change the world need the tools to do it.”
The Nonprofit Technology Network
IEEE, the world's largest technical professional association, unveiled a new tagline earlier this year: Advancing Technology for Humanity. The tagline is intended to showcase the organization's belief that, “IEEE and its members across the engineering, computing, and technology community worldwide advance innovation and technological excellence for the benefit of humankind.” While reading the press release, my faith in my undergraduate engineering education, and my membership in the IEEE, was suddenly renewed.
The belief that people use and develop technology to benefit society, and the specific and natural alignment of the open source movement toward this effort, is well evidenced in this month's issue of the OSBR, including through other IEEE initiatives. Still, while “humanitarian open source” might be narrowly defined as the application of open source in support of humanitarian response efforts, a broader, more inclusive definition is at least consistent with the expansive meaning of open source itself. Thankfully, the shared values evident in open source are increasingly evident in other areas of society, especially in the nonprofit sector.
Perhaps one timely example is the Humanitarian Coalition, a network of Canada's leading aid organizations, including CARE Canada, Oxfam Canada, Oxfam-Québec, and Save the Children Canada. During humanitarian emergencies, these agencies coordinate their efforts, share resources, and provide information to everyone about the disaster and their response efforts, all while doing what they each do best. On January 12, 2010, a 7.0-magnitude earthquake struck near Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital, reducing much of it to rubble. An estimated three million people were affected by the quake; the Haitian government originally reported that “an estimated 230,000 people had died, 300,000 had been injured, and 1,000,000 made homeless.”
The Humanitarian Coalition and its members responded immediately, and have continued to work together with Haitians, in communities across Haiti, to help rebuild their country and restore their livelihoods. Canadians continue to follow these activities and are sympathetic to the continued struggle of the Haitian community. Now, approaching the one-year anniversary of this catastrophic earthquake, the Humanitarian Coalition has launched the Haiti Portal, a website to share the progress that has been made, and send messages of support and hope from Canadians to survivors in Haiti. The fact that the website uses the Drupal open source content management system is likely of little consequence to most people.
Thankfully, such events lift us beyond the various challenges that otherwise make it difficult for us to coordinate our efforts and collaborate to achieve a greater social impact. Still, what about our daily efforts to bring about systemic change? In my daily work in the nonprofit sector, I see many passionate people working to create change in their world. In the following three examples, there is an emphasis on intentional sharing and on building ecosystems that naturally produce social innovation.
1. Inspired by the participatory culture of open source, the Centre for Social innovation (CSI) in Toronto is a shared physical space where over 250 people work, meet, and connect. CSI has now opened a second location, buying a beautiful old building in downtown Toronto that will be home to another 400 people; you can even invest in the project through a community bond. They have recently released Shared Spaces for Social Innovation, effectively open sourcing their model, and offer specific templates and tools to help other people get started. They are also working to scale their social finance innovation (i.e., the community bond) across Ontario.
2. The Ontario Nonprofit Network (ONN) is a network of networks of organizations working for public benefit on a variety of issues relevant to the nonprofit sector. ONN facilitates cross-sectoral collaboration, in part through their use of the Constellation Governance Model as a framework for organizing. The model promotes action through “coordinated, mutual self-interest,” and without requiring the creation of another nonprofit organization. Each constellation is a “self-organizing action team” that is led by whomever leads. Accordingly, constellations appear when needed and disappear when their work is complete.
3. The Nonprofit Technology Network (NTEN) recently released their strategic plan for the next few years, and invited the community - “a community transforming technology into social change” - to openly discuss its future. The conversation will continue at the 2011 Nonprofit Technology Conference, the next annual three-day gathering of nonprofit professionals from around the world. Conference participants will learn about becoming networked, building networks and networks of networks, and representing the technology needs of nonprofits as a community that speaks with a single, unified voice.
With a focus on nonprofit technology, open source, and social innovation, my organization is a member of CSI, ONN, and NTEN. I personally do what I can to participate in their physical and virtual spaces, sometimes as a follower, and sometimes as a leader. It never seems like enough. Collaborating takes time and requires effort; it is hard work! It requires persistence and patience. It can be immensely rewarding when it works, and intensively frustrating when it doesn't. Simply put, collaborating is a journey. For me, I expect, a lifelong one. I feel particularly grateful, especially at this time of year, to be travelling among so many wonderful people. Together, I believe we are advancing humanity.

Wednesday, December 1, 2010

Humanitarian Open Source

The December issue of the OSBR is now available in PDF and HTML formats. The editorial theme for this issue is Humanitarian Open Source and the Guest Editor is Leslie Hawthorn, Open Source Outreach Manager for Oregon State University's Open Source Lab.
In this issue, authors in Canada (Ottawa and Toronto), Sri Lanka (Columbo), and the United States (Brunswick, Hartford, Indianapolis, New York, Portland, and Seattle), draw upon their experiences to show the role of the open source approach in meeting humanitarian needs in the past, present, and future.
Chamindra de Silva, Director and CTO of the Sahana Foundation, explores the landscape of humanitarian free and open source software and the natural alignment between the humanitarian and open source domains.
Mark Prutsalis, President and CEO of the Sahana Foundation, describes the role of the Sahana project in disaster-relief scenarios and the need to build a service industry based on supporting HFOSS in order to sustain the ecosystem.
Glenn McKnight and Alfredo Herrera from the Humanitarian Initiatives Committee describe IEEE Canada's efforts to produce open hardware solutions that provide reliable sources of electricity to address humanitarian needs in developing countries.
Adam Feuer, Director of Engineering for the Grameen Foundation’s Mifos Initiative, discusses how Mifos open source banking software helps alleviate global poverty through microfinance and serves as a model to address other humanitarian challenges.
Dawn Smith, Project Coordinator for the OpenMRS medical record system, examines the role of OpenMRS in the formation of a health information business ecosystem for resource-poor environments.
Ralph Morelli, Professor of Computer Science at Trinity College, Allen Tucker, Professor Emeritus at Bowdoin College, and Trishan de Lanerolle, Project Director for the Humanitarian FOSS Project at Trinity College, discuss the Humanitarian FOSS Project and its initiatives in undergraduate education to benefit both global and local communities.
Mike Herrick, Executive Director of the Collaborative Software Foundation, traces the history of the TriSano project and its business model refinement to illustrate how collaboration can lead to sustainable software and communities that benefit global public health.
The editorial theme for the upcoming January 2011 issue of the OSBR is The Business of Open Source and the guest editor will be Michael Weiss, Associate Professor in the Technology Innovation Management program at Carleton University. For upcoming issues, we welcome general submissions on the topic of open source business or the growth of early-stage technology companies. Please contact the Editor if you are interested in making a submission.

Friday, April 9, 2010

Open Source and Computer Science Education

Today's columnist is Ralph Morelli from the Humanitarian FOSS Project. He writes:

In his March 2006 column in the Communications of the ACM, ACM President David Patterson urged Computer Science (CS) educators to "Join the open source movement." Despite the widespread use of the open source development model in the software industry, Patterson observed that "most schools still teach 'write programs from a blank piece of paper' programming."

Patterson noted that students could be inspired and attracted to CS by getting engaged in open source development projects in the real world.

That was in 2006. Today there are several college-based initiatives that have taken up Patterson's charge. This article describes three such efforts.

In January 2006 as part of an independent study project, a small group of students and faculty at Trinity College downloaded the open source Sahana disaster management system, installed it on their server, and began studying the source code. Sahana was developed in Sri Lanka by a group of volunteer programmers in the immediate aftermath of the 2004/5 Asian Tsunami. Over the next several months the Trinity group designed and built a Volunteer Management module that was incorporated into the code base in December 2006.

In addition to learning how to manage and use the tools of the typical open source development environment such as Eclipse, Sourceforge, CVS, and SVN, Trinity students also learned how to interact with programmers and developers in Sahana's development community, most of whom are based in Sri Lanka. Two students eventually went on to earn committer status in the Sahana project, thus becoming full-fledged members of the Sahana project team. You can't really get more 'real world' than that.

Building on Trinity's Sahana experience, a group of faculty at Trinity, Connecticut College, and Wesleyan University sought funding from the National Science Foundation under its CPATH (Computing Pathways to Revitalized Undergraduate Education) program and started the Humanitarian Free and Open Source Software project (HFOSS). The project's goal is to get undergraduates engaged in building F/LOSS that benefits the public good ("humanity") as a way to help revitalize undergraduate computing education. To date, F/LOSS concepts and practices have been introduced in a variety of introductory and advanced undergraduate courses.

Since 2007 the HFOSS project has engaged undergraduates in several F/LOSS development projects, including OpenMRS and GNOME. Source code from these projects has been studied and used in courses, independent studies, capstone projects, and summer research internships. CS students have learned about the F/LOSS movement and the F/LOSS development and distribution model. And HFOSS students have made real contributions to these projects, including helping to deploy Sahana in China during the 2008 earthquake and in Haiti during the 2010 earthquake.

Reactions from HFOSS students have been overwhelmingly enthusiastic and positive. A typical sentiment expressed in course evaluations and questionnaires is: "after taking this independent study I realized that I can be in the lab, doing what I am interested in, and still make a humanitarian impact and help society."

This summer the HFOSS project will expand to several new schools, including a woman's college (Mount Holyoke College, in Hadley, MA), a community College (Bergen Community College, in Bergen, NJ), and a traditionally black college (North Carolina Central University in Durham, NC). The goal is to be able to provide summer internship opportunities to students around the country, getting them engaged in building software that serves their communities -- a kind of Computing for America.

A second project that is helping promote open source education is TeachingOpenSource.org (TOS). TOS was established in March 2009 "to serve as neutral collaboration point for everyone involved in Teaching Open Source." Lively discussions on TOS's mailing list focus on open source education models, funding opportunities, community relations, and other issues. A group of TOS participants led by Greg DeKonigsberg of Red Hat has just finished a new textbook: Practical Open Source Software Exploration: How to be Productively Lost, the Open Source Way. The book is freely available under a Creative Commons BY-SA license.

TOS is also sponsoring a number of week-long immersion experiences for CS faculty. Several POSSEs (Professor Open Source Summer Experience) are being planned this year at Worcester State University, RIT, CMU, and elsewhere. And through TOS's efforts there will be an Education Track at this year's OSCON (O'Reilly Open Source Convention) in Portland, OR in July.

In addition to HFOSS and TOS, open source projects and centers are springing up at other colleges. The Rensselaer Center for Open Source Software has started a number of FOSS development projects that are used to anchor classes in computer science and other disciplines. The Center's goal is to support "the development of open software solutions to promote civil societies in the United States and around the globe."

Rochester Institute of Technology has the FOSS@RIT initiative, which hosts an One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) users group and focuses on educational game development. At the University of Waterloo, the Undergraduate Capstone Open Source Projects (UCOSP) brings together undergraduates at several universities in Canada and the U.S. to collaborate on open source capstone projects. This term, participants from nine different schools in Canada and the U.S. are collaborating on seven different F/LOSS development projects.

As these examples show, there is a growing interest in F/LOSS within academia. It is estimated that students make up around 30% of contributors to F/LOSS projects. CS faculty are beginning to recognize that it's time to incorporate the F/LOSS model into the undergraduate curriculum. While CS educators are still well short of Patterson's call to "join the open source movement" things are clearly headed in the right direction.